This seminar explored the potential of regional approaches for European energy. It assessed whether regional approaches can hone the effectiveness of EU energy policy objectives through enhanced policy coordination at regional scale. Typically, this includes energy market integration while accounting for member states’ continuing deployment of national-level policy instruments regarding the appropriate energy mix and the security of energy supply, which is foreseen in the EU Treaty.  In a second step, it exploreed the potential of regional approaches to the governance of renewables as well as their potential contributions to an Energy Union. A particular focus was on South East European Regional Initiatives.